Virulence of four entomopathogenic nematode against different stages of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Abstract Background Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae) (Mediterranean fruit fly), is one of the important polyphagous pest species in world that harms almost all fruits causing significant yields losses. Control this which on quarantine list many countries highly important. Due to negative effects chemical control environment and human health, biological approaches have gained importance. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are a potential agent can be used for effectively controlling Medfly. Results In study, four EPNs larvae, pupae adults Medfly were investigated under laboratory conditions. Four different concentrations against each stage pest. It showed sensitivity tested EPNs. High mortality rate 94% was caused by Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (11 KG),, followed H. (TOK-20) with 91%, Steinernema carpocapsae (85%) S. feltiae (Tokat-Emir) 71% at highest concentration (200 IJ/larvae. The effect adult (100%) recorded IJ/adult) trials, KG) 92%, 91% (Tokat-Bakışlı05) 87.37% rates same concentrations. Conclusions determined study had insecticidal properties they might programs